Began in FY 2007, PNPM Mandiri is the government of Indonesia program which was established with an objective to consolidate all community empowerment programs sitting in different ministris. It adopted the succesful Kecamatan Development Program (KDP) and Urban Poverty Project (UPP) as the pillars of PNPM Mandiri.
Launched as a national program, PNPM Mandiri is one of the poverty alleviation instruments and became an integrated part of the national poverty alleviation program.
